4.  A fragment of the city’s defensive wall          

          Next to the Pulvera tower, between Torņa and Trokšņu ielas, there is a fragment of the city’s defensive wall reconstructed in 1987 with the Rāmera tower and the Swedish gates (established in 1698). It is clearly seen here that the defensive wall, originally being only 3.5m, later was heightened. It reached 13m and was strengthened with arcades in the 14^{th century.}